vec3.hpp

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#ifndef VEC3_H
#define VEC3_H
#include <cmath>
#include <iostream>
 
/*vector direction of a ray*/
class vec3{
public:
    double x = 0.0;
    double y = 0.0;
    double z = 0.0;
 
    vec3(){};
 
    vec3(double a,double b,double c): x(a),y(b),z(c) {};
 
    bool operator==(const vec3& other) const {
        return (x == other.x && y == other.y && z==other.z);
    }
 
    double operator[](size_t index) const{
        if (index == 0) return x;
        else if (index == 1) return y;
        else if (index == 2) return z;
        throw std::out_of_range("Index out of range");
    }
 
 
    vec3 operator+(const vec3& other) const {
        return vec3(x+other.x,y+other.y,z+other.z);
    }
 
    vec3 operator-(const vec3& other) const {
        return vec3(x-other.x,y-other.y,z-other.z);
    }
 
    vec3 operator*(double scalar) const {
        return vec3(x * scalar,y * scalar,z * scalar);
    }
 
    vec3 operator/(double scalar) const {
        return vec3(x / scalar,y / scalar,z / scalar);
    }
 
    friend vec3 operator*(double scalar, const vec3& other) {
        return vec3(other.x * scalar, other.y * scalar, other.z * scalar);
    }
 
    double dot(const vec3& other) const {
        return x * other.x + y * other.y + z * other.z;
    }
 
    double length() const {
        return std::sqrt(x * x + y * y + z * z);
    }
 
    vec3 normalize() const {
    double mag = length();
    if (mag == 0) {
        return vec3(0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    }
    return vec3(x / mag, y / mag, z / mag);
    }
 
    vec3 operator-() const {
        return vec3(-x, -y, -z);
    }
};
 
using point3 = vec3;
 
inline double dot(const vec3& a, const vec3& b) {
    return a.x * b.x + a.y * b.y + a.z * b.z;
}
 
inline vec3 cross(const vec3& a, const vec3& b) {
    return vec3(
        a.y * b.z - a.z * b.y,
        a.z * b.x - a.x * b.z,
        a.x * b.y - a.y * b.x
    );
}
 
#endif